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June 18, 1998
Canadian Government Health Agency Calls For
Decriminalizing
Marijuana
June 18, 1998, Toronto, Ontario:
The simple possession of marijuana should no longer be a criminal offense,
concluded a recently released Canadian government report.
"The available evidence indicates that
removal of jail as a sentencing option would lead to considerable cost savings without
leading to increases in rates of cannabis use," determined researchers at the
Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse (CCSA) National Working Group on Addictions Policy.
The CCSA report, "Cannabis Control in Canada: Options Regarding
Possession," further advises the government to replace current federal law
criminalizing the possession of marijuana with a "fine only" option.
"The civil violation option offers the
best opportunity to achieve the most appropriate balance between the need to reduce the
harms associated with cannabis use and the need to restrain the cost and harms involved in
attempts to control use," researchers concluded. "It would remove cannabis
possession from the criminal law, preclude imprisonment due to failure to pay fines, and
eliminate the criminal record consequences of a conviction."
The new policy would remain consistent with
Canada's international treaty obligations to discourage marijuana possession, and mimic
the laws of ten U.S. states that have decriminalized offenses involving the simple
possession of marijuana. The report noted that criminalizing marijuana seemed to
have little effect on an individual's decision to use the drug.
"The enforcement of current law against
cannabis possession has a very limited deterrent effect," the authors stated.
"Cannabis use remains high despite a high level of law enforcement and there is no
clear relationship between changes in enforcement and levels of illicit drug use over the
past several decades."
Finally, the study found that Canadians
strongly supported decriminalizing marijuana. "The vast majority of Canadians
no longer favor jail sentences for simple possession of cannabis," researchers
declared.
Despite funding the CCSA policy paper, the
Canadian government remains hesitant of any proposal to relax the country's marijuana
laws. "Moving too swiftly to liberalize the use of marijuana may result in an
inability to control problematic use in the future," stated Health Department
officials in a memo obtained by the Ottawa Citizen.
"Virtually every federally commissioned
report ever examining the issue of marijuana and the law recommends
decriminalization," said Allen St. Pierre, Executive Director of The NORML
Foundation. "It is time for governments to begin implementing the
recommendations of the very commissions they appoint."
The CCSA was created by Parliament in 1988 to
promote debate on substance abuse issues and to support organizations involved in drug
prevention and treatment.
Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit
drug in Canada, with possession accounting for about half of the estimated 60,000 drug
offenses recorded annually. By comparison, American law enforcement arrested almost
550,000 individuals for possession of personal amounts of marijuana in 1996.
For more information, please contact either
Allen St. Pierre or Paul Armentano of The NORML Foundation @ (202) 483-8751. The
CCSA report is available from The NORML Foundation upon request or on-line at: http://www.ccsa.ca/canfinal2.htm.
French Government Report Says Marijuana Poses Less Dangers
Than Alcohol
June 18, 1998, Paris, France:
Smoking marijuana poses less of a threat to public health than the regular
consumption of alcohol, determined a French government commissioned report Tuesday.
"The report again shows that the basis
[for policies prohibiting marijuana] is totally wrong," spokesman for the Greens
party announced in a prepared statement. The party is calling for a federal review
of the nation's drug policies.
Marijuana has low toxicity, little addictive
power, and poses only a minor threat to social behavior, researchers at the French medical
institute INSERM concluded. The report identified alcohol, heroin, and cocaine as
the drugs most dangerous to health. Tobacco, psychotropic drugs, tranquilizers, and
hallucinogens were placed in a second, less harmful group. Marijuana was classified
in a third category of substances defined as posing relatively little danger.
"This federally commissioned report
concludes, just as the World Health Organization did earlier this year, that marijuana
smoking does less harm to public health than drink and cigarettes," said Allen St.
Pierre, Executive Director of The NORML Foundation.
Junior Health Minister Bernard Kouchner said
that the report's findings would not encourage the federal government to consider
decriminalizing the simple possession of marijuana. He called the report
"toxicologically correct but politically wrong."
Kouchner's office paid for the INSERM study.
For more information, please contact either
Allen St. Pierre or Paul Armentano of The NORML Foundation @ (202) 483-8751.
Military Judge To Rule On Third Hemp Seed Oil Case In Seven Months
June 18, 1998, New Orleans, LA:
A military administrative law judge will rule shortly on whether to acquit a Coast
Guard engineer of charges that he smoked marijuana after hearing evidence that the
consumption of legal hemp oil may cause and individual to test positive for the drug on a
urine test. The case marks the third time in seven months that a military serviceman
has raised the "hemp oil defense" to challenge a positive drug test.
Both prior rulings found in favor of the
defendants.
Christopher Dresser, 38, said that the regular
consumption of a hemp seed oil nutritional supplement caused him to test positive for
marijuana on a November drug test. He denies that he smoked marijuana.
"There is little doubt that the ingestion
of some legal hemp oil products will cause one to test positive on a urine test shortly
after consumption," explained NORML Publications Director Paul Armentano. A
series of studies conducted this past summer and reported in the Journal of Analytical
Toxicology indicated that regular users of the oil may test positive for low levels
of THC. Those studies, along with two recent acquittals of military officers,
prompted some within the drug testing industry to call on Congress to amend federal law to
prohibit the possession and sale of hemp products.
Tulane University Law Professor Julian Murray,
a former federal prosecutor who testified during the hearing, said that a government ban
on the oil would eliminate the confusion on drug tests.
NORML board member Don Wirtshafter, Esq. of The
Ohio Hempery, who has followed this issue closely, criticized any forced regulation on the
American hemp industry based upon concern from drug testing companies. "This is
not a health issue," he said. "To me the onus is on the drug testing
industry and the employers. They are the ones putting out a faulty product that is
not able to differentiate between the legal consumption of hemp products and the illegal
consumption of drugs."
Hemp health products, such as hemp seed oil,
are sold commercially in nutrition stores across the nation and consumed for their high
concentrations of amino and fatty acids.
For more information, please contact either
Paul Armentano or Allen St. Pierre of The NORML Foundation @ (202) 483-8751. Don
Wirtshafter may be contacted @ (740) 662-4367.
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